CouchDB 0.9.0 bulk document post performance
2009 May 12 18:28Based on a tip from my university colleague Chris Teplovs, I started looking at CouchDB for some analytics code I’ve been working on for my graduate studies. My experimental data set is approximately 1.9 million documents, with an average document size of 256 bytes. Documents range in size from approximately 100 to 512 bytes. (FYI, this represents about a 2x increase in size from the raw data’s original form, prior to the extraction of desired metadata.)
I struggled for a while with performance problems in initial data load, feeling unenlightened by other posts, until I cornered a few of the developers and asked them for advice. Here’s what they suggested:
- Use bulk insert. This is the single most important thing you can do. This reduced the initial load time from ~8 hours to under an hour, and prevents the need to compact the database.
- Don’t use the default _id assigned by CouchDB. It’s just a random ID and apparently really slows down the insert operation. Instead, create your own sequence; a 10-digit sequential number was recommended. This bought me a 3x speedup and a 6x reduction in database size.
Baseline time: 42 minutes, using 1,000 documents per batch.
Baseline time: 12 minutes, again using 1,000 documents per batch.
Using 1,000 documents per batch was a wild guess, so I decided it was time to run some tests. Using a simple shell script and GNU time, I generated the following plot of batch size vs. elapsed time:
The more-than-exponential growth at the right of the graph is expected; however, the peak around 3,000 documents per batch is not. I was so surprised by the results that I ran the test 3 times – and got consistent data. I’m currently running a denser set of tests between 1,000 and 6,000 documents per batch to qualify the peak a bit better.
Are there any CouchDB developers out there who can comment? You can find me on the #couchdb freenode channel as well.












